The Moist Tropical Climate of the Caribbean
The Moist Tropical Climate of South Florida
Images from the Meteorological Satellites
Graphics from the Meteorological Satellites
Fair Weather Astronomy
Calendar of Astronomical Events
Hurricanes
Other Local Meteorological Forecasts
The Moist Tropical Climate of the Caribbean:
The Trade Winds from the Northeast are dominant in the climate of the Caribbean, they are weaker and variable during the Northern Hemisphere Summer, in July, August and September.
The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is an area of low atmospheric pressure
that forms where the Northeastern Trade Winds meet with those from the Southeast, near the Equator.
When these winds converge, the warm and moist air is forced to rise.
This causes the water vapor it contains to condense as the air rises and cools,
resulting in a band of strong precipitation around the globe.
Precipitations in the ITCZ show a dairy cycle:
The clouds form late in the morning and early in the afternoon, and between 3 and 4 PM, the warmest hours of the day,
the storms form and the precipitations start.
This band moves with the seasons of the year, always attracted to the areas of higher intensity of Solar heating,
with grater surface temperatures.
It moves towards the Southern Hemisphere from September to February
and changes direction in April, May and June, before the Northern Hemisphere Summer.
The ITCZ is always to the Southeast of Venezuelan territory,
but is nearer and affects it during the Northern Hemisphere Summer.
The ITCZ is less mobile over the oceanic longitudes.
The variation in the location of the ITCZ dramatically affects the precipitations in the equatorial regions,
resulting in a humid season (from May to November) and a dry one (from December to April)
between the Tropics of Cancer (23.5° N) and Capricorn (23.5° S), instead of the cold and warm of higher latitudes (Temperate Climates).
Tropical moist climates extend northward and southward from the equator to about 15° to 25° of latitude. In these climates all months have average temperatures greater than 18° Celsius (64° F). Annual precipitation is greater than 1,500 mm.
See The Rains & Temperatures in South Florida (monthly averages)
[in ARVAL]
The Moist Tropical Climate of South Florida:
South Florida is the only region in the continental U.S. that has a Moist Tropical Climate.
The Moist Tropical Climate of southern Florida borders the Moist Subtropical Mid-Latitude Climate of central and northern Florida.
This Subtropical climate generally has hot muggy summers and frequent thunderstorms, with mild winters.
Its extent is from 30° to 50° of latitude, mainly on the eastern and western borders of most continents.
The border between the Florida Tropical and Subtropical climates, according to Wladimir Köppen (1918) is a line from Vero Beach to the South of Lake Okeechobee, to Fort Myers, to Punta Gorda, to Tarpon Springs.
Southern Florida is a Tropical Savannah, dominated by the Everglades. It shows pronounced, alternaing, wet and dry seasons.
During the rainy season, from May to October, southern Florida shows frequently cloudy skies, high humidity and warmer temperatures.
During the dry season, from November to April, southern Florida shows frequently clear skies, low humidity and colder temperatures.
There is a narrow coastal transitional strip from near Fort Pierce to Miami with a shorter dry season.
In Southern Florida the winds normally come from the East all year long. These winds tend to block cold air intrusions from the north. All months have average temperatures greater than 18° Celsius (64° F). Annual precipitation is greater than 1,500 mm. The temperature variations are kept very small by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
See "The Climate and Weather of Florida", James A. Henry, Kenneth M. Portier and Jan Coyne, 1994. Pineapple Press, Sarasota, Florida.
ITCZ, Pressure and Wind at Sea Level:
The graphics show the center of the ITCZ (red line) and the atmospheric pressure (colors), velocity and direction at sea level (black arrows), in January and July (39 years average).
See
Global Scale Circulation of the Atmosphere,
Tropical Weather and Hurricanes,
Chapter 7: Introduction to the Atmosphere.
Fundamentals of Physical Geography
- Dr. Michael Pidwirny, University of British Columbia Okanagan
(PhysicalGeography.net).
See
Understanding the ITCZ
(International Research Institute for Climate and Society).
Images from the GOES East Meteorological Satellite (GOES-12):
Intellicast: Caribbean, Atlantic, South America, Europe, World.
Images from NOAA Satellite Services Division:
GOES East Satellite Imagery:
(updated every 30 min.)
Central Atlantic:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 8 Km, 3° to 33° N, 76° to 24° W]
West Atlantic:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 8 Km, 3° to 33° N, 106° to 54° W]
Caribbean:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 8 Km, 5° to 35° N, 90° to 40° W]
Puerto Rico:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 3 Km, 12° to 25° N, 77° to 54° W]
Gulf of Mexico:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 4 Km, 18° to 32° N, 102° to 75° W]
South Central US:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 3 Km, 25° to 35° N, 109° to 89° W]
Southeast US:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 3 Km, 24° to 33° N, 94° to 76° W]
Image Loops from NOAA Satellite Services Division:
[Java applet]
GOES East Satellite Imagery:
(latest 15 images, every 30 min.)
Central Atlantic:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 8 Km, 3° to 33° N, 76° to 24° W]
West Atlantic:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 8 Km, 3° to 33° N, 106° to 54° W]
Caribbean:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 8 Km, 5° to 35° N, 90° to 40° W]
Puerto Rico:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 3 Km, 12° to 25° N, 77° to 54° W]
Gulf of Mexico:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 4 Km, 18° to 32° N, 102° to 75° W]
South Central US:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 3 Km, 25° to 35° N, 109° to 89° W]
Southeast US:
Visible
- Infrared Channel 4 - Rainbow
- Water Vapor
[Resolution 3 Km, 24° to 33° N, 94° to 76° W]
Images from the GOES-12 Satellite:
Naval Research Laboratory - Monterey, California (NRL-MRY):
West Tropic-Atlantic: (updated every 30 min.) [10° to 50° N, 100° to 0° W]
Visible Spectrum,
Infrared Spectrum,
Water Vapor Spectrum.
East Tropic-Atlantic: (updated every 30 min.) [0° to 40° N, 65° W to 65° E]
Visible Spectrum,
Infrared Spectrum,
Water Vapor Spectrum.
Multisat Stitched Atlantic Basin: (updated every 3 hours) [20° S to 55° N, 100° W to 10° E]
Visible Spectrum,
Infrared Spectrum,
Water Vapor Spectrum,
Visible/Infrared Spectrum (Geo-Color).
Global-Atlantic: (updated every 3 hours) [75° S to 75° N, 150° to 0° W]
Visible Spectrum,
Infrared Spectrum,
Water Vapor Spectrum.
Cloud Winds (West Tropic-Atlantic): (updated every 6 hours) [0° to 45° N, 100° to 30° W]
Winds at low and medium Height (Visible Spectrum - 950, 800 to 600 mbar: 0,5, 1,5 to 4,3 Km),
Winds at medium Height (Infrared Spectrum - 950, 800, 600 to 400 mbar: 0,5, 1,5, 4,3 to 8,0 Km),
Winds at medium and great Height (Water Vapor Spectrum - 500, 350, 250 to 100 mbar: 5,5, 8,0, 10,5 to 13,7 Km),
Wind Shear - Low and High Level
(Low-High Level Wind Shear, Knots).
NexSat: (NRL/NPOESS Next-Generation Weather Satellite Demonstration Project)
National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS):
NRL/NPOESS NW Atlantic/Caribbean (GOES-12): (updated every 30 min.) [8° to 32° N, 89° to 53° W]
Visible/Infrared spectrum (Geo-Color),
Lower-Level Winds,
Mid-Level Winds,
Upper-Level Winds,
Convective Cloud Top Pressure Altitudes (Kilo-feet),
Nocturnal Low Cloud.
The easiest image to interpret is the "Visible/Infrared Spectrum (Geo-Color)" from NexSat (NRL/NPOESS).
The most detailed information on South Florida is in the "Southeast US" sequence,
from the GOES East, NOAA Satellite Services Division.
The images in the Visible spectrum are the closest to what we see with our own eyes, binoculars and telescopes. The images in the Infrared spectrum reveal heavier cloud cover, with condensation. The images in the Water Vapor spectrum reveal up to thin cloud cover.
Global Hydrology and Climate Center - GOES
Interactive Global Geostationary Weather Satellite Images (NASA GHCC)
Global Hydrology and Climate Center - GOES (en Español)
Imágenes Interactivas de Satélites Meteorológicos Geoestacionarios (NASA GHCC)
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES):
GOES-8 (in the GOES-EAST position) was a geostationary satellite, at some 35,800 Km of altitude,
in Lat. 0°, Long 75° W.
At his height, the orbital period of the satellite equals the rotational period of the Earth.
It was launched in April 13, 1994 and stopped operating in May 5, 2004.
In April 1, 2004 it was substituted by GOES-12, with a similar orbit but with higher resolution sensors
that was launched in July 2001.
See NOAA Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
See Office of Satellite Operations (NOAA)
See Table of Contents for the GOES Imager Tutorial
Graphics from the Meteorological Satellites:
Key Biscayne, Florida
Kendall, Florida
|
Clear Sky Clocks for Canada, USA and parts of Mexico - by Attilla Danko:
Miami Clear Sky Clock (Downtown, 25° 46.44' N, 80° 11.64' W)
Kirby Storter Roadside Park Clear Sky Clock (US-41, Big Cypress National Preserve, 25° 52.12' N, 81° 9.84' W)
Kendale Observatory Clear Sky Clock: (Kendall, 25° 41.69' N, 80° 25.79' W)
Winter Star Party (WSP) Clear Sky Clock
(West Summerland Key, 24° 38.98' N, 81° 18.57' W)
Clear Sky Alarm Clock (Mark Casazza)
National Weather Service (NWS) - Southern Region Headquarters:
NWS Southern Florida - 7-Day Point Forecasts:
20 mi. East of Ochopee (25.85° N, 80.92° W)
Key Biscayne (25.69° N, 80.17° W)
Cutler (25.61° N, 80.33° W)
23 Miles WSW of Florida City, near Mahogany Hammock (25.3° N, 80.88° W)
Key West (24.57° N, 81.80° W)
NWS Southern Florida - Hourly Graphical Weather Forecasts:
13 Miles WNW of Kendal Lakes West (25.78° N, 80.67° W)
Key Biscayne (25.69° N, 80.17° W)
Cutler (25.61° N, 80.33° W)
20 Miles WSW of Florida City, near Mahogany Hammock (25.34° N, 80.72° W)
Key West (24.57° N, 81.80° W)
Miami Base/Composite Reflectivity NWS Radar
National Weather Service - Miami Weather Calculator
Latitude-Longitude Distance Calculator
NOAA Water Level Station Monitoring: Virginia Key, FL
Miami Harbor Entrance Tidal Locations (Tidesonline.com)
| Tide Predictions from Tides.Info |
Current Lunar Phase:
(Date and Time in Florida)
Lunar Phase updated every 4 hours
by the US Naval Observatory
[North up, West to the right]
Southern Cross Astronomical Society (SCAS) -
Saturday Nite Live Astros:
Weather permitting, meet the friendly Southern Cross Astros, 8 to 10 PM every Saturday evening all year at the popular outdoor SCAS Observatory in Miami-Dade's Bill Sadowski Park & Nature Center, SW 176th St. / SW 79th Ave., 1/2 mile west of Old Cutler Road in Palmetto Bay (W 80° 19.2', N 25° 36.5'). Free viewing.
Under the darkest skies nearest to downtown, you might see a satellite, a sudden brilliant meteor or the International Space Station in addition to the seasonal planets, the magical Moon and dazzling constellations. Enjoy the beauty overhead in SCAS state-of-the-art hi-tech equipment, including the largest telescope in Miami-Dade County for public use.
Check the weather before you leave home as June through October is thunderstorm season in Florida!
Bring your family, friends, house guests, snacks, lawn chairs and bug cream
(chemical aerosals remove the coating on the expensive telescope mirrors and lenses).
Director Barb Yager advises you to wear jeans, sport shoes, and bring a long-sleeved top to our educational evening under the stars....
It's the best deal in town!
Bring your telescope! If you need help, our SCAS techs will come to your rescue.
NO LIGHTS, litter, alcohol or pets allowed in the Nature Preserve. Please turn off car lights when entering the park.
The SCAS telescope deck is accessible to the disabled with convenient parking.
Groups of 20+, please make your reservations on the SCAS Hotline at 305-661-1375 so we know you are coming.
The Southern Cross Astronomical Society Bulletin Board (SCASmail) will post notices about upcoming public events and reports on those events.
Check the SCAS Stargazer in Sunday's Miami Herald Tropical Life - Section M, our community service for more than 23 years.
See the
Interactive Sky Chart for Miami, Florida
(Sky & Telescope),
Sky and Satellites for Cutler, Florida
(Heavens-Above),
Sky and Satellites for Key Biscayne, Florida
(Heavens-Above).
Satellite Flybys for Palmetto Bay, Florida
(SpaceweatherPhone.com)
Satellite Flybys for Key Biscayne, Florida
(SpaceweatherPhone.com)
To see the dates of the Lunar Phases for this month (or any other):
U.S. Naval Observatory - Phases of the Moon
U.S. Naval Observatory - Sunrise/Sunset/Twilight and Moonrise/Moonset/Phase for One Day
U.S. Naval Observatory - Sunrise/Sunset/Twilight and Moonrise/Moonset for One Year
Moon Phase Calculator (Universe Online, McDonald Observatory, University of Texas)
Lunar Phases repeat every 29.53 days, the synodic period of the Moon, called a "lunation".
It is possible to observe the sky, without Moonlight during the first part of the night,
from the day of the Last Quarter, when it rises at midnight, to the day of the New Moon,
when it sets at sunset.
It is possible to observe the sky, without Moonlight during the last part of the night,
from the day of the New Moon, when it rises at dawn, to the day of the First Quarter,
when it sets at midnight.
Eastern Time in the U.S.A. = Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) - 5 hours
(- 4 hours during daylight saving time)
A service of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Please help stopping light pollution! See the
Luminic Map of Florida.
Calendar of Astronomical Events:
Mercury;
Its most recent maximum in Eastern Elongation was on May 14 '08.
It is now possible to observe it after sunset, above the western horizon, but lower every day.
Mercury;
Its next maximum in Western Elongation will be on July 1 '08.
It will be possible to observe it before sunrise, above the eastern horizon, but lower every day.
Jupiter;
Its next Opposition will be on July 9 '08.
It will be possible to observe it culminating at midnight in the best conditions for this synodic period.
See Observatorio ARVAL: Solar System Data
See Heavens Above: Planets Summary for Cutler, Florida
See Heavens Above: Planets Summary for Key Biscayne, Florida
Mercury and Venus in Conjunction on the Eastern sky:
On March 24, 2008, at 06:00, Mercury and Venus were visible some 58' apart,
some 6° above the Eastern horizon.
Venus (Mag. -3.9) rose at 05:27, then Mercury (Mag. -0.27) at 05:30. Sunrise was at 06:19.
Both were be in the constellation of Acuarius. Uranus was some 5° to the East, rising at 05:40.
Calculations with TheSky from Software Bisque, version 5.
Venus and Jupiter in Conjunction on the Eastern sky:
On February 1, 2008, at 06:00, Venus and Jupiter were visible some 20° above the Southeastern horizon.
Jupiter (Mag. -1.9) was some 35' South of Venus (Mag. -4) and somewhat lower, both in the constellation of Sagittarius.
Venus rose at 05:02, Jupiter at 05:04. Sunrise was at 07:04.
We recommended observing with a small telescope or binoculars.
The diameter of the Full Moon is some 30'.
Calculations with TheSky from Software Bisque, version 5.
On February 15, 8 PM, SCAS-FIU presented the informative and useful free program Backyard Astronomy
to help launch new and future amateur astronomers.
Segments included: binocular and telescopic urban observing, software, safe Solar observing.
FIU Astronomy Center; Physics Bldg. CP-145. SW 109th Ave./SW 8th St.
SCAS scheduled a public Lunar Eclipse Watch at Bill Sadowski Park on February 20 '08 from 8 to 11 PM.
Total Eclipse of the Moon: (in Leo)
Bill Sadowski Park Key Biscayne Beach Park
W 80° 19', N 25° 37' W 80° 09', N 25° 41'
Eastern Standard Time Moon's
h m Azimuth° Altitude°
Moonrise 2008 Feb 20 18:04 77.3 ----
Moon enters penumbra 2008 Feb 20 19:34.9 86.7 18.7
Moon enters umbra 2008 Feb 20 20:43.0 94.2 33.5 <-- Visible eclipse started
Moon enters totality 2008 Feb 20 22:00.5 105.5 50.2
Middle of eclipse 2008 Feb 20 22:26.0 110.6 55.6 <-- Darkest eclipse
Moon leaves totality 2008 Feb 20 22:51.5 117.2 60.7
Moon leaves umbra 2008 Feb 21 00:09.1 155.3 72.8 <-- Visible eclipse ended
Moon leaves penumbra 2008 Feb 21 01:17.2 211.1 71.5
Moonset 2008 Feb 21 07:06 279.2 ----
Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA's GSFC
This eclipse was visible in the Central Pacific Ocean, America, Europe and Africa.
The eclipse was darker to the North of the Moon because it passed South of the center of the umbra projected by the Earth.
Saturn was less than 5° East of the Moon. Regulus (Alpha Leonis) was less than 2° West of the Moon.
For the exact times at your locality, you can use the
Lunar Eclipse Computer at the U.S. Naval Observatory.
For more information and graphics, see
NASA - Total Lunar Eclipse February 20, 2008,
Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC.
Saturn was in opposition on February 24 '08;
With an equatorial diameter of 20", and a Magnitude of 0.15,
Saturn rose at 18:09, transited at 00:32 and set at 06:56 on February 25 '08.
It was opposite to the Sun in the sky, raising at sunset and setting at dawn; in a straight line with the Sun and the Earth.
SCAS President Lester Shalloway M.D. & staff, arrange safe, professional solar equipment (telescope & video) at the Miami MetroZoo, Saturdays 10 AM to Noon, near the waterfall in front of the ticket entrance at 12400 SW 152nd St. Free viewing.
You may see the powerful, nuclear explosions - Sun spots and prominences - erupting in slow motion before your eyes, safely.... 93 million miles away!
Check the SCAS Hotline at 305-661-1375 for the latest update at 9:30 AM Saturdays.
The Atlantic Hurricane Season is between June and November. These strong cyclonic storms generally move Westward and Northward, starting from the Tropical zone North of the Equator in the Atlantic Ocean or the Caribbean Sea. They originate over warm waters in an area of low atmospheric pressure and light winds that start turning counterclockwise.
See Hurricane Basics (National Hurricane Center)
See Tropical Weather and Hurricanes.
Fundamentals of Physical Geography
- Dr. Michael Pidwirny, University of British Columbia Okanagan
(PhysicalGeography.net)
The Tropical Meteorology Project: (Colorado State University)
Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and U.S. Landfall Strike Probability for 2007
(May 31 '07):
"Information obtained through March 2007 indicates that the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season will be much more active than the average 1950-2000 season. We estimate that 2007 will have about 9 hurricanes (average is 5.9), 17 named storms (average is 9.6), 85 named storm days (average is 49.1), 40 hurricane days (average is 24.5), 5 intense (Category 3-4-5) hurricanes (average is 2.3) and 11 intense hurricane days (average is 5.0). The probability of U.S. major hurricane landfall is estimated to be about 140 percent of the long-period average. We expect Atlantic basin Net Tropical Cyclone (NTC) activity in 2007 to be about 185 percent of the long-term average."
"This early April forecast is based on a newly devised extended range statistical forecast procedure which utilizes 40 years of past global reanalysis data and is then tested on an additional 15 years of global reanalysis data. Analog predictors are also utilized. We have maintained our forecast from our early April prediction due largely to the continued trend towards cooler equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures. Currently, neutral El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions are observed. We expect either cool neutral or weak-to-moderate La Niña conditions to be present during the upcoming hurricane season. Tropical and North Atlantic sea surface temperatures remain well above their long-period averages."
Also see Remote Sensing Systems - Tropical Cyclone Watch
Also see Tropical Storm Risk (TSR)
Hurricanes: (National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration - NOAA)
Images from the GOES-12 Satellite (Hurricane Tracking):
NOAA National Hurricane Center (NHC) - Tropical Prediction Center -
Satellite Imagery:
East Sector Images:
Visible,
Infrared,
Water Vapor
(10° a 40° N, 100° a 47° W - updated every 30 min.).
NHC Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook:
Atlantic,
East Pacific.
Images from the GOES-12 Satellite (Atlantic Sector):
NOAA GOES Server -
NOAA Tropical Sectors:
Atlantic Sector Images:
Visible,
Infrared,
Water Vapor
(0° to 45° N, 103° to 25° W - updated every 30 min.).
The Atlantic Hurricane Season is between June 1 and November 30.
Its maximum is between mid-August and end-October.
The middle of the season is near September 10.
Hurricanes and tropical storms per century in Hurricane Season:
See NOAA National Hurricane Center - Hurricane Climatology
(Monthly Probabilities for the trajectories of hurricanes)
and NOAA National Hurricane Center - Tropical Cyclone Climatology
(Trajectories and hurricane frequencies)
South Florida, Biscayne Bay in particular, has the highest hurricane landfall frequency in the U.S.A.;
The lowest Hurricane Return Period. See
NOAA National Hurricane Center - Hurricane Return Periods.
Since 1851 only 7 of 1,325 hurricanes or tropical storms have passed directly over Venezuelan territory:
Paraguaná 1877,
Margarita and Paraguaná 1892,
Sucre and Paraguaná 1933,
Sucre, Central Litoral and Falcón 1974,
Paraguaná 1988,
Sucre, Central Litoral, Falcón and Zulia 1993,
Paraguaná 1996.
See UNISYS - Atlantic Tropical Storm Tracking by Year.
On average, in a season there are 11 tropical storms and 6 hurricanes, 2 of them very strong.
NOAA forecasts for 2007 another season with activity probably over the average: From 13 to 17 tropical storms, with 7 to 10 turning into hurricanes, of which 3 to 5 could be very strong. The great majority of these storms and hurricanes would be in August, September and October '07.
See
NOAA: 2007 Atlantic Hurricane Outlook
(NOAA Climate Prediction Center, May 22 '07)
See
NCDC: Atlantic Ocean 2007 Tropical Cyclones
(National Climatic Data Center)
See
Hurricanes: Nature's Greatest Storms (NOAA)
See
NOAA-AOML Hurricane FAQ (with Spanish version)
NOAA forecasted for 2006 another season with activity over the average: From 12 to 15 tropical storms (there were 9),
with 7 to 9 turning into hurricanes (there were 5), of which 3 to 4 could be very strong (there were 2).
The great majority of these storms and hurricanes would be in August, September and October '06 (they were in August and September).
See
NOAA: 2006 Atlantic Hurricane Outlook
(NOAA Climate Prediction Center, May 22 '06. Updated in August 8 '06)
See
NCDC: Atlantic Ocean 2006 Tropical Cyclones
(National Climatic Data Center)
See
The 2006 North Atlantic Hurricane Season - A Climate Perspective
(Adobe .pdf, NOAA Climate Prediction Center)
NOAA forecasted for 2005 another season with activity over the average: From 18 to 21 tropical storms (there were 28),
with 9 to 11 converting into hurricanes (there were 15), of which 5 to 7 could be very strong (there were 5).
The 2005 season is the most active in the records and continued the cycle initiated in 1995 that will probably extend into coming years.
See
NOAA Raises the 2005 Atlantic Season Outlook
(NOAA Climate Prediction Center, August 2 '05)
See
NOAA Reviews Record-Setting 2005 Hurricane Season
(NOAA Climate Prediction Center, April 13 '06)
See
NCDC: Atlantic Ocean 2005 Tropical Cyclones
(National Climatic Data Center)
See
The 2005 North Atlantic Hurricane Season - A Climate Perspective
(Adobe .pdf, NOAA Climate Prediction Center)
The Saffir-Simpson Scale for Tropical Cyclones:
| Category | Miles Per Hour (mph) | Knots (kt) | Kilometers Per Hour (km/hr) |
| Tropical Storm (TS) | 39-73 | 34-63 | 63-118 |
| Cat 1 | 74-95 | 64-82 | 119-153 |
| Cat 2 | 96-110 | 83-95 | 154-177 |
| Cat 3 | 111-130 | 96-113 | 178-209 |
| Cat 4 | 131-155 | 114-135 | 210-249 |
| Cat 5 | 156+ | 136+ | 250+ |
| Category | Miles Per Hour (mph) | Knots (kt) | Kilometers Per Hour (km/hr) |
Other Local Meteorological Forecasts:
AccuWeather.com: Southern US Weather, Hurricane Center
7 WSVN-TV - Weather (Miami, Florida & other cities)
cbs4.com - Weather (Miami, Florida & other cities)
NB6 Weather (Miami, Florida & other cities)
Weather.com (The Weather Channel):
Miami, Florida - Weather Forecast and Conditions,
Hurricane Central,
Hurricane Trackers and Hurricane Information,
weather.com/espanol,
Tiempo Local - Miami, Florida, Estados Unidos
(en Español)
Local Meteorological Conditions:
NOAA - NWS Internet Weather Source: Florida Weather Conditions, Miami, Miami International Airport
This page was updated in: May 14 '08
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